1. Indirect measurements can be performed by a tracer, repeated channel surveys, bedform velocimetry, or velocimetry.2. These indirect measurements must be calibrated via a direct measurement, most commonly a McLeod gauge. 3. An indirect measurement was required because " Voyager 1 "'s plasma spectrometer had stopped working in 1980. 4. The rejection can be determined in various ways and provides an indirect measurement of the pore size. 5. Even the historical temperature record is derived from indirect measurements once you go back beyond human record keeping. 6. The IRS direct audit measures of noncompliance are augmented by indirect measurement methods, most prominently currency ratio models 7. These indirect measurements must be calibrated to SI units via a direct measurement, most commonly a McLeod gauge. 8. These signals give an indirect measurement of the speed of wind near the water in clear or cloudy weather. 9. However, both studies used indirect measurements of Lp ( a ), which some experts say can lead to spurious results. 10. This all changed in 1995, when Greenwald and Banaji pointed out that Nuttin's work was relevant for indirect measurement of self-esteem.